Bunion surgery is elective, so patient safety and the likelihood of healing must be carefully assessed. Significant peripheral arterial disease, active infection, poorly controlled diabetes or serious medical instability may make surgery inappropriate until risks are addressed.
Smoking and nicotine exposure can impair bone and wound healing. Some patients may be asked to stop smoking or nicotine products before and after surgery. Medications that affect bleeding, immune function or bone healing may also need coordinated review with the prescribing doctor.
The practical side of recovery matters as well. Patients must be able to protect the operated foot, attend follow-up appointments, manage dressings and comply with activity restrictions. Unsafe housing, lack of support or inability to use the prescribed postoperative footwear may require additional planning.
Age alone does not determine suitability. A healthy older person may be a better candidate than a younger patient with poorly controlled medical risks. The assessment should consider the whole patient rather than the foot in isolation.