Realistic expectations are essential before elective surgery. The primary goals are usually to reduce pain, improve the alignment of the first ray and make everyday footwear and activity more manageable. Cosmetic improvement may occur, but surgery should not be presented as a purely cosmetic procedure.
Patients should expect a structured recovery. Swelling can persist for months, the foot may remain sensitive in some shoes and range of motion may not feel completely normal immediately. Return to work, driving, sport and formal footwear varies according to the procedure and the individual.
No operation can guarantee that a bunion will never recur. The degree of correction depends on the original deformity, joint condition, tissue balance and procedure selected. There are also recognised risks such as stiffness, infection, delayed bone healing, nerve irritation and transfer pain.
A patient who understands these limitations is better placed to make a sound decision and participate actively in rehabilitation.